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The Advisory Council to Google on the Right to be Forgotten

Read the Advisory Council's final report

How should one person’s right to be forgotten be balanced with the public’s right to information?

A May 2014 ruling by the Court of Justice of the European Union found that European law gives people the right to ask search engines like Google to remove results for queries that include their name.

Since then, we’ve received removal requests for all sorts of content: serious criminal records, embarrassing photos, instances of online bullying and name-calling, decades-old allegations, negative press stories, and more.

For each of these requests, we’re required to weigh, on a case-by-case basis, an individual’s right to be forgotten with the public’s right to information.

We want to strike this balance right. This obligation has been a new and difficult challenge for us, and we’ve sought advice on the principles Google ought to apply when making decisions on individual cases. That’s why we convened a council of experts to review input from dozens of experts in meetings across Europe, as well as from thousands of submissions via the Web.

Advisory Council public meetings

Click on a thumbnail below to view a video.

Meeting recorded on 9 September in

Madrid

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Transcript in English

Meeting recorded on 10 September in

Rome

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Transcript in English

Meeting recorded on 25 September in

Paris

Watch in English Regarder en français

Transcript in English

Meeting recorded on 30 September in

Warsaw

Watch in English Oglądaj po polsku

Transcript in English

Meeting recorded on 14 October in

Berlin

Watch in English In deutsch ansehen

Transcript in English

Meeting recorded on 16 October in

London

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Transcript in English

Meeting recorded on 4 November in

Brussels

Watch in English Regarder en français

Transcript in English

  • Madrid Recorded 9 September
  • Rome Recorded 10 September
  • Paris Recorded 25 September
  • Warsaw Recorded 30 September
  • Berlin Recorded 14 October
  • London Recorded 16 October
  • Brussels Recorded 4 November

Video subtitles available in various languages.

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About the council

In January 2015, the Council published its findings and recommendations in a report. We are grateful for the Council’s input and will host the report on this site so that others may read and reference it in the future.

In order to help us navigate this issue, we set up an Advisory Council to gather input from Europeans.

The Advisory Council held seven consultations in Europe from September to November. The recordings of all seven sessions are available on this page.

The Council invited contributions from government, business, media, academia, the technology sector, data protection organizations and other organizations with a particular interest in the area, to identify and discuss the challenging issues at the intersection of the right to information and the right to privacy.

The Council is reviewing this input and has published its findings, which we hope will help inform our evolving policies in this area.

We hope the Advisory Council’s findings will also be useful to others that may be affected by the court's ruling. We all have a shared interest in giving proper effect to the Court’s decision and finding the best possible balance on this issue.

Who is the council?

Prof. Luciano Floridi

Luciano Floridi is Professor of Philosophy and Ethics of Information at the University of Oxford, Senior Research Fellow and Director of Research at the Oxford Internet Institute, and Governing Body Fellow of St Cross College, Oxford. He is also Adjunct Professor, Department of Economics, American University, Washington D.C. His main areas of research are the philosophy of information, the ethics of information, computer ethics, and the philosophy of technology. Among his most recent recognitions, he has been awarded a Fernand Braudel Senior Fellowship by the European University Institute and the Cátedras de Excelencia Prize by the University Carlos III of Madrid.

Sylvie Kauffmann

Sylvie Kauffmann is editorial director at the French newspaper Le Monde. She was the editor-in-chief of the paper in 2010-2011. She joined Le Monde in 1987 as Moscow correspondent. From 1988 to 1993, she covered, as Eastern and Central Europe correspondent, the collapse of the Soviet empire and the transition of new European democracies to market economy. She then moved to the United States, first as Washington correspondent and then, from 1996 to 2001, as New York Bureau Chief. Back in Paris just before September 11, she went back to the US several times to cover the aftermath of the attacks. She then headed the in-depth reporting section of Le Monde and became one of the deputy editors of the paper. From 2006 to 2009, she was reporter-at-large in Asia, based in Singapore, and wrote a weekly column on Asia. Sylvie is a contributing writer for the International New York Times Opinion section. She is a graduate of the Faculté de Droit (Law School) de l’université d’Aix-en-Provence and from the Institut d’Etudes Politiques (Aix-en-Provence). She holds a degree in Spanish from Deusto University in Bilbao, Spain. She also graduated from the Centre de Formation des Journalistes (School of Journalism) in Paris. She is married and has two sons.

Lidia Kolucka-Zuk

Lidia served as Executive Director for the Warsaw-based Trust for Civil Society in Central and Eastern Europe. She is a lawyer by training and has worked as a strategic advisor to the Polish Prime Minister on issues of state efficiency, reforms in the judicial and legal sectors and the creation of digital society in Poland. Lidia is a Yale World Fellow 2013 at Yale University.

Frank La Rue

Frank La Rue has 35 years of experience working for human rights, political analysis and democratic development; violence prevention, conflict management, negotiation and resolution. His experience includes Founder and Director of a non-governmental human rights organization which filed cases before the Inter American Human Rights Commission and Court, Presidential Secretary for Human Rights in Guatemala, and Advisor to the Foreign Ministry. Frank is a UN Special Rapporteur for the Promotion and Protection of the Right to Freedom of Opinion and Expression of the UNHRC.

José-Luis Piñar

José-Luis Piñar is Doctor in Law. Former Director of the Spanish Data Protection Agency (2002-2007). Former Vice-Chairman of the European Group of Data Protection Commissioners (“Art. 29 Working Party Data Protection”) (2003-2007), Founder (2003) and former President of the Ibero-American Data Protection Network (2003-2007). Professor of Administrative Law, and Vice-Rector of International Relations at San Pablo-CEU University of Madrid. Founding partner at Piñar Mañas & Asociados Law Firm. He has published numerous works on data protection law including social networks and children’s privacy, and ECJ case law on the right to protection of personal data, in “BNA International. World Data Protection Report.” José-Luis was a member of the Expert's Commission created by the Spanish Government for studying and analysing the Spanish Draft of Transparency and Access to Public Information Law. Is member of the International Association of Privacy Professionals. Awards include the “San Raimundo de Peñafort” from the Spanish Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Law, and the “Cruz de Honor de San Raimundo de Peñafort” from the Spanish Government.

Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger

Sabine has been a member of the German parliament for over 23 years and has served as the German Federal Justice Minister for a total of 8 years. As a member of the Parliamentary Assembly on the Council of Europe for 7 years, she was intensively engaged in defending and protecting human rights—including the right to privacy, laid down in the European Convention on Human Rights as well as in UN conventions.

Peggy Valcke

Peggy Valcke is research professor at KU Leuven in Belgium, part-time professor at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, and visiting professor at the University of Tilburg in the Netherlands. Her areas of expertise include legal aspects of media innovation, media pluralism, and the interaction between media/telecommunications regulation and competition law. In previous years, she has been involved in over 30 research projects, funded by the European Commission, BOF, IWT, FWO, iMinds, national authorities and regulators. Among other topics her research has addressed media power, user-generated content, internet regulation, mobile and online television, e-publishing and online journalism, public service broadcasting and state aid, co- and self-regulation in the media, privacy in electronic communications and social networks.

Jimmy Wales

Founder and Chair Emeritus, Board of Trustees, Wikimedia Foundation, the non-profit corporation that operates the Wikipedia free online encyclopaedia and several other wiki projects. Founder, Wikia.com. Named one of 100 Most Influential People in the World, Time Magazine (2006). In 2014 was appointed Co-Chairman of The People's Operator, a UK based mobile operator that enables the user to donate 10 percent of their phone bill to a cause of their choice without paying more for their phone plan. Wales is currently living in London.

 

Eric Schmidt

Eric Schmidt joined Google in 2001 and helped grow the company from a Silicon Valley startup to a global leader in technology. He served as Google’s Chief Executive Officer from 2001–2011, overseeing the company’s technical and business strategy alongside founders Sergey Brin and Larry Page. Under his leadership Google dramatically scaled its infrastructure and diversified its product offerings while maintaining a strong culture of innovation.

David C. Drummond

David Drummond joined Google in 2002, and serves as senior vice president, corporate development and chief legal officer. He leads Google's global teams for legal, public policy, communications, corporate development/mergers and acquisitions, and product quality operations. He also serves as chairman of Google's investment arms, Google Ventures and Google Capital. David was first introduced to Google in 1998 as a partner in the corporate transactions group at Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and Rosati, one of the nation's leading law firms representing technology businesses. He served as Google's first outside counsel and worked with Larry Page and Sergey Brin to incorporate the company and secure its initial rounds of financing. David earned his bachelor's degree in history from Santa Clara University and his J.D. from Stanford Law School. He serves on the board of directors of Uber Technologies, Inc. and Rocket Lawyer Inc.

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